expresando acción futura

lo hubiéramos hecho — we would have done it

¡haberlo dicho! — you should have said!

pero, ¿habráse visto (cosa igual)? — well, have you ever seen anything like it?

de haberlo sabido — if I had known, if I'd known

he de hacerlo — I have to do it, I must do it

hemos de tener paciencia — we must be patient

has de saber que... — you should know that...

¿qué he de hacer? — what am I to do?

han de ser las nueve — it must be about nine o'clock

hay — [con sustantivo en singular] there is; [con sustantivo en plural] there are

hay un hombre en la calle — there is a man in the street

hay mucho que hacer — there is so much to be done

hubo una guerra — there was a war

no hubo discusión — there was no discussion

¿habrá tiempo? — will there be time?

tomará lo que haya — he'll take whatever there is

lo que hay es que... — it's like this..., the thing is...

algo debe de haber para que se comporte así — there must be some reason for him acting like that

hay sol — the sun is shining, it's sunny

hay dos hombres en la calle — there are two men in the street

no hay plátanos — there are no bananas

ha habido problemas — there have been problems

los hay buenos y malos — some are good and some are bad

los hay que están confusos y asustados — some (people) are confused and afraid

las hay en negro y blanco — they are available in black and white

oportunistas los hay en todas partes — you'll find opportunists everywhere, there are always opportunists, wherever you go

no hay como esta playa para disfrutar del surf — there's nothing like this beach for surfing

no hay más que hablar — there's no more to be said, there's nothing more to say

no hay quien te entienda — there's no understanding you

¡aquí no hay quien duerma! — it's impossible to get any sleep round here!

¡no hay de qué! — don't mention it!, not at all!

como hay pocos, donde los haya —

de lo que no hay —

¡eres de lo que no hay! — you're unbelievable!

si los hay —

buen chico si los hay — a good lad if ever there was one

"¡mejores no hay!" — "there's none better!"

¿hay puros? — do you have any cigars?

• hay que, hay que trabajar — one has to work, everyone must work

hay que hacer algo — something has to be done

hay que hacerlo — it has to be done

no hay que hacer nada — you don't have to do anything

hay que ser fuertes — we must be strong

no hay que olvidar que... — we mustn't forget that...

no hay que tomarlo a mal — there's no reason to take it badly, you mustn't get upset about it

¡había que decírselo! — we'll have to tell him!

¡había que verlo! — you should have seen it!

no hay más que haber viajado un poco para saberlo — anyone who has done a bit of travelling would know

en el encuentro habido ayer — in yesterday's game

el descenso de temperatura habida ayer — the fall in temperature recorded yesterday

la lista de las víctimas habidas — the list of casualties

habidos y por haber —

se trataron todos los temas habidos y por haber — they discussed every subject under the sun

un hijo habido fuera del matrimonio — a child born out of wedlock

los dos hijos habidos en su primer matrimonio — the two children from her first marriage

Pepe, que Dios haya en su gloria — Pepe, God rest his soul

lee cuantos libros puede haber — he reads all the books he can lay his hands on

no han/habían llegado — they haven't/hadn't arrived

como se haya olvidado lo mato — if he's forgotten, I'll kill him!

de haberlo sabido — had I known, if I'd known

deberías haberlo dicho! — you should have said so!

haber de + inf — to have to + inf

ha de llegar un día en que... — the day will come when...

ha de ser tarde — it must be late

pero ¿sabes lo que dices? - no lo he de saber! — but do you know what you're saying? - of course I do!

hay una carta/varias cartas para ti — there's a letter/there are several letters for you

había un cliente esperando — there was a customer waiting

hubo dos accidentes — there were two accidents

¿qué tomarán de postre? - ¿hay helado? — what would you like for dessert? - do you have any ice cream?

no hay como un buen descanso — there's nothing like a good rest

no hay quien lo aguante — he's absolutely unbearable

hay quien piensa que... — there are those who feel that...

hubo varios heridos — several people were injured

las hay rojas y verdes — there are red ones and green ones

no hay de qué preocuparse — there's nothing to worry about

¿qué hubo de lo de Jorge y Ana? — what happened with Jorge and Ana?

muchos años/mucho tiempo ha — many years/a long time ago

no han/habían llegado — they haven't/hadn't arrived

como se haya olvidado lo mato — if he's forgotten, I'll kill him!

de haberlo sabido — had I known, if I'd known

deberías haberlo dicho! — you should have said so!

haber de + inf — to have to + inf

ha de llegar un día en que... — the day will come when...

ha de ser tarde — it must be late

pero ¿sabes lo que dices? - no lo he de saber! — but do you know what you're saying? - of course I do!

hay una carta/varias cartas para ti — there's a letter/there are several letters for you

había un cliente esperando — there was a customer waiting

hubo dos accidentes — there were two accidents

¿qué tomarán de postre? - ¿hay helado? — what would you like for dessert? - do you have any ice cream?

no hay como un buen descanso — there's nothing like a good rest

no hay quien lo aguante — he's absolutely unbearable

hay quien piensa que... — there are those who feel that...

hubo varios heridos — several people were injured

las hay rojas y verdes — there are red ones and green ones

no hay de qué preocuparse — there's nothing to worry about

¿qué hubo de lo de Jorge y Ana? — what happened with Jorge and Ana?

muchos años/mucho tiempo ha — many years/a long time ago

lo hemos visto ya — we've seen it already

ya han dado las diez — it's past ten already

¿ya has terminado? — have you finished already?

¿ya habías estado antes en Valencia? — had you been to Valencia before?

ya me lo suponía — I thought as much

ya se acabó — it's all over now

ya en el siglo X — as early as the tenth century

ya es la hora — time's up

ya es hora de irnos — it's time for us to go now

ya está aquí — he's here already

ya viene el autobús — here's the bus

ya puedes irte — you can go now

ya podéis ir pasando al comedor — you can start going through into the dining room now

estos zapatos ya me están pequeños — these shoes are too small for me now

¿ya anda? — is she walking yet?

¿ya te vas? — are you leaving already?

lo quiero ya — I want it (right) now

¡cállate ya! — oh, shut up!

¡ya voy! — coming!

ya te llegará el turno a ti — you'll get your turn

ya lo arreglarán — it'll get fixed sometime

ya iré cuando pueda — I'll try and make it when I can

ya verás como todo se arregla — it'll all work out, don't you worry

ya veremos — we'll see (about that)

• ya no — not any more, no longer

ya no vive aquí — he doesn't live here any more, he no longer lives here

ya no viene a visitarnos — he doesn't come to see us any more, he no longer comes to see us

ya no quiero más — I don't want any more

ya no lo volverás a ver — you won't see it any more

Javier ya no es tan alto como su hermano — Javier isn't as tall as his brother any more, Javier is no longer as tall as his brother

ya entiendo — I see

¡ya lo sé! — I know!

-¿no te acuerdas de ella? es la hija de Ricardo -¡ah, ya! — "don't you remember her? she's Ricardo's daughter" - "oh yes, of course!"

ya, pero... — yes, but...

esto ya es un robo — this really is robbery

pues ya gasta ¿eh? — he really does spend a lot, doesn't he?

¿una hora tardas en llegar al trabajo? pues ya está lejos ¿eh? — it takes you an hour to get to work? it must be quite some way away!

ya lo creo que estuvimos allí — you bet we were there

¿que no se ha casado? ya lo creo que sí — you say she hasn't got married? I think you'll find she has

es más pobre que Haití, que ya es decir — it's poorer than Haiti, and that's saying something

¡murió con 104 años, que ya es decir! — she was 104 when she died, which is no mean achievement!

pues si él no viene, ya me dirás qué hacemos — you tell me what we'll do if he doesn't come

rellena el impreso y ya está — fill in the form and that's it

¡ya está bien! — that's (quite) enough!

¡ya me gustaría a mí poder viajar! — I wouldn't mind being able to travel either!

¡ya era hora! — about time too!

¡ya podían haber avisado de que venían! — they could have said they were coming!

¡ya puedes ir preparando el dinero! — you'd better start getting the money ready!

ya por una razón, ya por otra — whether for one reason or another

ya te vayas, ya te quedes, me es igual — whether you go or stay is all the same to me

ya dice que sí, ya dice que no — first he says yes, then he says no, one minute he says yes, the next he says no

no ya aquí, sino en todas partes — not only here, but everywhere

debes hacerlo, no ya por los demás, sino por ti mismo también — you should do it, not just for everyone else's sake but for your own sake too

• ya que — (seeing) as, since

ya que no estudia, por lo menos podía ponerse a trabajar — seeing as she isn't studying, the least she could do is get a job

¿ya te has gastado todo el dinero? — have you spent all the money already?

ya terminé — I've (already) finished

ya te dije que no — I've already said no

ya lo sé — I (already) know

aprietas este botón y ya está! — you press this button, and that's it!

le teníamos tanta fe y ya ves, nos ha defraudado — we had such faith in him and look what happened, he's let us down

dile que venga - ya, pero ¿si no quiere? — tell her to come - yes, but what if she doesn't want to?

ese color ya no se lleva — nobody wears that color any more

ya ni siquiera me escribe — he doesn't even write (to) me any more

estaba muy segura pero ya no sé qué pensar — I was very sure about it, but now I don't know what to think

creo que ya no vienen — I don't think they'll come now

no ya... sino — not (just)... but

estamos hablando no ya de cambios sino de una total reestructuración — we are not (just) talking about changes but about a total restructuring

ya voy! — coming!

la comida ya va a estar — the meal's almost ready

preparados listos ya! — on your mark(s), get set, go!

ya puedes ir haciéndote a la idea — you'd better start getting used to the idea

ya te contaré — I'll tell you all about it

ya lo entenderás — you'll understand one day

éste ya no me gusta tanto — I don't like this one so much

pintado de blanco ya es otra cosa — it really does look much better painted white

ya quisiera yo! — I should be so lucky!

ya era hora — about time (too)!

ya me tienes harta! — I'm (just about) fed up with you!

ya que — since, as

ya que estás aquí — since o as you're here

ya que estoy, limpio éste también — while I'm at it I may as well clean this one too

se puede solicitar ya sea en persona o por teléfono — it can be ordered either in person or by telephone

¿ya te has gastado todo el dinero? — have you spent all the money already?

ya terminé — I've (already) finished

ya te dije que no — I've already said no

ya lo sé — I (already) know

aprietas este botón y ya está! — you press this button, and that's it!

le teníamos tanta fe y ya ves, nos ha defraudado — we had such faith in him and look what happened, he's let us down

dile que venga - ya, pero ¿si no quiere? — tell her to come - yes, but what if she doesn't want to?

ese color ya no se lleva — nobody wears that color any more

ya ni siquiera me escribe — he doesn't even write (to) me any more

estaba muy segura pero ya no sé qué pensar — I was very sure about it, but now I don't know what to think

creo que ya no vienen — I don't think they'll come now

no ya... sino — not (just)... but

estamos hablando no ya de cambios sino de una total reestructuración — we are not (just) talking about changes but about a total restructuring

ya voy! — coming!

la comida ya va a estar — the meal's almost ready

preparados listos ya! — on your mark(s), get set, go!

ya puedes ir haciéndote a la idea — you'd better start getting used to the idea

ya te contaré — I'll tell you all about it

ya lo entenderás — you'll understand one day

éste ya no me gusta tanto — I don't like this one so much

pintado de blanco ya es otra cosa — it really does look much better painted white

ya quisiera yo! — I should be so lucky!

ya era hora — about time (too)!

ya me tienes harta! — I'm (just about) fed up with you!

ya que — since, as

ya que estás aquí — since o as you're here

ya que estoy, limpio éste también — while I'm at it I may as well clean this one too

se puede solicitar ya sea en persona o por teléfono — it can be ordered either in person or by telephone

anoche fuimos al cine — we went to the cinema last night

¿has ido alguna vez a Quito? — have you ever been to Quito?

¿a qué colegio vas? — what school do you go to?

esta carretera va a Huesca — this road goes to Huesca, this is the road to Huesca

íbamos hacia Sevilla — we were going towards Seville

ir hasta León — to go as far as León

ir despacio — to go slow(ly)

ir con tiento — to go carefully {o} cautiously

¡ya voy!, ¡ahora voy! — coming!, I'll be right there!

vamos a casa — let's go home

tuvimos que ir andando — we had to walk {o} go on foot

¿vas a ir andando o en autobús? — are you walking or going by bus?

iba muy bien vestido — he was very well dressed

este reloj va atrasado — this clock is slow

iban muertos de risa por la calle — they were killing themselves laughing as they went down the street

• ir (a) [por] — to go and get

voy (a) por el paraguas — I'll go and get the umbrella

voy por el médico — I'll go and fetch {o} get the doctor

¿cómo va el paciente? — how's the patient doing?

el enfermo va mejor — the patient is improving {o} doing better

el enfermo va peor — the patient has got worse

¿cómo va el ensayo? — how's the essay going?, how are you getting on with the essay?

¿cómo va el partido? — what's the score?

¿cómo va eso? — how are things (going)?

todo va bien — everything's fine, everything's going well

los resultados van a mejor — the results are improving {o} getting better

• ir [por], ¿te has leído ya el libro? ¿por dónde vas? — have you read the book yet? whereabouts are you? {o} how far have you got?

ir por la mitad de algo — to be halfway through sth

la película ya va por la mitad — it's already half way through the film

íbamos por la mitad de nuestro viaje — we were half way there

ese cuadro debería ir encima del sofá — that picture should go over the sofa

lo que te dijo iba en serio — he meant what he said (to you)

la pradera va desde la montaña hasta el mar — the grasslands go {o} stretch from the mountains to the sea

en lo que va de semana hemos recibido cientos de llamadas — we've had hundreds of calls so far this week

en lo que va desde 1950 hasta nuestros días — from 1950 up until now

va mucho de uno a otro — there's a lot of difference between them

¡lo que va del padre al hijo! — what a difference there is between father and son!, father and son are nothing like each other!

con este van 30 — that makes 30 (with this one)

van ya tres llamadas y no contesta — we've called him three times and he doesn't answer

van cinco pesos a que no lo haces — I bet you five pesos you won't do it

¿cuánto va? — how much do you bet?

ir con pantalones — to be wearing trousers

¿con qué ropa {o} cómo fuiste a la boda? — what did you wear to the wedding?

iba de rojo — she was dressed in red, she was wearing red

la que va de negro — the girl in black

irle a algn —

nos va mucho en esto — we have a lot riding on this

le va la vida en ello — his life depends on it

¿cómo te va? — how are things?, how are you doing?

¿cómo te va en los estudios? — how are you getting on with your studies?

¡que te vaya bien! — take care!

¿me va bien esto? — does this suit me?

no le va bien el sombrero — the hat doesn't suit her

ese tipo de gente no me va — I don't get on with that type of people

no quería ir con ella a ninguna parte — I didn't want to go anywhere with her

iba con su madre — he was with his mother

esta fotocopia debe ir con la carta — this photocopy has to go (in) with the letter

yo voy con el Real Madrid — I support Real Madrid

el marrón no va bien con el azul — brown and blue don't go together

eso de ser famosa no va con ella — being famous doesn't agree with her

¿de qué va la película? — what's the film about?

la película va nada más que de sexo — the film is all sex

va para los 40 — he's getting on for 40, he's knocking on 40

va para viejo — he's getting old

va para arquitecto — he's going to be an architect

va para cinco años que entré en la Universidad — it's getting on for five years since I started University

eso no va por usted — I wasn't referring to you, that wasn't meant for you

¡va por los novios! — (here's) to the bride and groom!

se dio cuenta de que iban tras él — he realized they were after him

ir tras una chica — to chase (after) a girl

-¿le pido disculpas? -¿dónde vas? deja que sea él quien se disculpe — "shall I apologize?" - "what are you talking about? let him be the one to apologize"

a eso voy — I'm coming to that

pues, a eso voy — that's what I mean, that's what I'm getting at

aquí cada uno va a lo suyo — everyone does their own thing here

llevo todo el día yendo y viniendo de un lado al otro de la ciudad — I've spent all day going from one end of town to the other

cuando tú vas, yo ya he venido — I've been there before, I've seen it all before

¡vaya! ¿qué haces tú por aquí? — well, what a surprise! what are you doing here?

¡vaya coche! — what a car!, that's some car!

¡vaya susto que me pegué! — I got such a fright!, what a fright I got!

¡vamos! ¡di algo! — come on! say something!

vamos, no es difícil — come on, it's not difficult

una chica, vamos, una mujer — a girl, well, a woman

es molesto, pero ¡vamos! — it's a nuisance, but there it is

-¿no me vas a echar la bronca? -no, qué va — "you're not going to tell me off, are you?" - "of course I'm not"

¿perder la liga? ¡qué va, hombre! — lose the league? you must be joking!

fui a verle — I went to see him

tras muchas vueltas fuimos a dar con la calle Serrano — after driving round for ages we eventually found Serrano Street

¿cómo lo iba a tener? — how could he have had it?

¡no lo va a saber! — of course he knows!

¿no irás a decirme que no lo sabías? — you're not going to tell me you didn't know?

iba anocheciendo — it was getting dark

iban fumando — they were smoking

¿quién va ganando? — who's winning?

fueron hablando todo el camino — they talked the whole way there

como iba diciendo — as I was saying

¡voy corriendo! — I'll be right there!

id pensando en el tema que queréis tratar — be {o} start thinking about the subject you want to deal with

hemos ido consiguiendo lo que queríamos — we found what we wanted eventually

voy comprendiendo que... — I am beginning to see that...

van escritas tres cartas — that's three letters I've written

va vendido todo — everything has been sold

ir en taxi — to go by taxi

iban a caballo/a pie — they were on horseback/on foot

ir por mar — to go by sea

lo oía ir y venir por la habitación — I could hear him pacing up and down the room

el ir y venir de los invitados — the coming and going of the guests

no hago más que ir y venir de un lado para otro — I do nothing but run around

vamos a casa — let's go home

¿adónde va este tren? — where's this train going (to)?

¿tú vas a misa? — do you go to church?

ir de compras/de caza — to go shopping/hunting

ya vamos para allá — we're on our way

¿por dónde se va a...? — how do you get to...?

¿dónde vas con tanto pan? — what are you doing with all that bread?

el perro fue a por él — the dog went for him

voy a clases nocturnas — I go to evening classes

ya va al colegio/a la universidad — she's already at school/university

irle a alguien con algo: no le vayas con tus problemas don't bother him with your problems; le fue a la maestra con el chisme — she went and told the story to the teacher

tírate del trampolín - allá voy! — jump off the board! - here I go/come!

ahí van otros $2.000 — there's another $2,000

no va más! — no more bets!

ahí va! me he olvidado el dinero — oh no! I've forgotten the money

no iba con mala intención — it wasn't meant unkindly

fue y le dio un puñetazo — she went and punched him

y la tonta va y se lo cree — and like an idiot she believed him

iban cantando por el camino — they sang as they went along

¿van cómodos? — are you comfortable?

¿irán bien aquí los vasos? — will the glasses be safe here?

íbamos sentados — we were sitting down

vas que pareces un pordiosero — you look like some sort of beggar

iba con miedo — she was afraid

vas muy cargada — you have a lot to carry

yo iba a la cabeza — I was in the lead

hay que ir con los ojos bien abiertos — you have to keep your eyes open

va de chasco en chasco — he's had one disappointment after another

ir de algo: iban de largo they wore long dresses; voy a ir de Drácula I'm going to go as Dracula; iba de verde — she was dressed in green

ir de algo — to go (along) as something

yo fui de intérprete — I went along as interpreter

¿de qué va la novela? — what's the novel about?

ir a algo — to lead to something, to go to something

la autopista va desde Madrid hasta Valencia — the highway goes from Madrid to Valencia

el período que va desde la Edad Media hasta el Renacimiento — the period from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance

¿cómo va el enfermo/el nuevo trabajo? — how's the patient doing/the new job going?

va de mal en peor — it's going from bad to worse;; (+ me/te/le etc)

¿cómo les fue en Italia? — how was Italy?, how did you get on in Italy?

me fue mal/bien en el examen/la entrevista — I did badly/well in the exam/the interview

que te vaya bien (en) el examen! — good luck in the exam

¿cómo le va con el novio? — how's she getting on with her boyfriend?

¿cómo van? - 3-1 — what's the score? - 3-1

voy ganando yo — I'm ahead, I'm winning

ir por algo: ¿por dónde van en historia? where have you got (up) to in history?; ¿todavía vas por la página 20? — are you still on page 20?

ya van tres veces que te lo digo — this is the third time I've told you

con éste van seis — six, counting this one

ya van tres pasteles que se come — that makes three cakes he's eaten now

de tres a ocho van cinco — eight minus three is five

ir en algo — to depend on something

no sé en qué vá — I don't know what it depends on

¿dónde van las toallas? — where do the towels go?

¿has terminado? - qué va! — have you finished? - you must be joking!

¿se disgustó? - qué va! — did she get upset? - not at all!

vamos a perder el avión - qué va! — we're going to miss the plane - nonsense!

¿va con mayúscula? — is it written with a capital letter?

¿va con acento? — does it have an accent?

todo esto va para el examen — all of this will be included in the exam

ir con algo — to go with something

el negro no te va bien — black doesn't suit you

te irá bien un descanso — a rest will do you good

ir en contra de algo — to go against something

irle a algo/alguien — to support something/somebody

le va al equipo peruano — he supports the Peruvian team

vamos, mujer, dile algo — go on, say something to him

vamos, date prisa! — come on, hurry up!

eso sería un disparate, vamos, digo yo — that would be a stupid thing to do, well, that's what I think anyway

vamos, que no es una persona de fiar — basically, he's not very trustworthy

es mejor que el otro, vamos — it's better than the other one, anyway

vaya! tú por aquí! — what a surprise! what are you doing here?

vaya cochazo! — that's some car!

vaya (que) si la conozco! — you bet I know her!

vaya, que los hay peores — well, I mean there are plenty worse

ir a + inf —

te vas a caer! — you're going to fall!

voy a estudiar medicina — I'm going to study medicine

va a hacer dos años que... — it's getting on for two years since...

esto no te va a gustar — you're not going to like this

te voy a pegar — I'm going to smack you

vamos a ver ¿cómo dices que te llamas? — now then, what did you say your name was?

bueno, vamos a trabajar — all right, let's get to work

que no se te vaya a caer — make sure you don't drop it

lleva el paraguas, no vaya a ser que llueva — take the umbrella in case it rains

que te vaya bien! — all the best!

qué le iba a decir! — what else could I tell her?

¿quién iba a ser si no? — who else could it have been?

¿no irá a hacer alguna tontería? — you don't think she'll go and do something stupid, do you?

no irás a darle la razón a él! — surely you're not going to say he was right!